What is dynamic soaring? The dynamic soaring mainly consists of four phases. Upward Bind Upward Climb Downward Bind Downward Dive This four-phase consists of a cycle which is referred to as Rayleigh’s Cycles as he was the first to identify this phenomenon by Albatrosses during their long-time flights. For more details refer to Richardson( 2011 & 2014 ), Uesaka et.al.( 2023 ), etc. Criteria of Dynamic Soaring In general, albatross soaring can be accomplished under the following conditions: (1) no wind, no waves, no soaring;(2) Wave-slope soaring can be accomplished in swell without wind; (3) Wind–shear soaring can be accomplished in wind without waves. What is Wind Shear Soaring? The average wind speed typically rises with height, starting at almost zero at the ocean's surface. Within about two meters of the water's surface, a thin boundary layer has the greatest vertical wind velocity gradient (largest wind shear) (Fig. 2). In this narrow wind–shear boundary layer close ...
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