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Five open source free hydrologic models that you can use to model runoff of micro to macro watersheds

The principal objective of hydrologic models is to forecast the runoff of a surface water body, especially dendritic systems like rivers, streams, etc. The inputs to these models are generally Rainfall/Precipitation, Soil Characteristics, and other Climatic parameters like evapotranspiration, humidity, etc. LULC and geo-morphology are also used as the required input parameters of the hydrologic models. Both input and output of these models are temporally as well as spatially variable. Now the resolution varies with different models. Some models consider all the sub-basins to be a single watershed and determine the output based on the characteristics of this single watershed(lumped).In contrast, some other models will consider the {impact|effect} of each of the sub-basins on the central outflow of the watershed(distributed).In a few models, the entire watershed is divided into grids or units of uniform dimension. However, the accuracy is highest for the models, which considers the {impa...

Five project ideas for "Hydroinformatics in Groundwater"

     In recent years, advanced soft computation techniques such as Multi-Criteria Decision Making and Geographical Information Systems have been widely used to solve water resource development problems. Hydroinformatics (Hydro means Hydrus or water, and informatics means information science) is a branch of science concerned with the application of advanced soft computation techniques and information and communication technologies (ICTs) to water-related problems. The following are five hydro informatics project topics that can be applied to groundwater problems. Complete Article at  HydroGeek Thanks, @Mrinmoy's Page @data_hydrology , @Merchandise or @ @products_sustainability Add to Listy /

How to apply optimization techniques to water resource problems?

"Maximizing or minimizing some function comparative to some set, often demonstrating a range of choices available in a certain situation. The function allows evaluation of the different choices for determining which might be “best.”....Definition of optimization. In optimization, we try to maximize/minimize/achieve a target value by changing some variables of an objective equation. Optimization is used to solve problems in a multidisciplinary field including water resources. The problems like solving multi-reservoir optimization, water allocation problems, economic optimization of water-based systems, performance optimization of water treatment plants, etc. can be easily solved by the application of various classical and new optimization techniques. If you search on the internet, especially through Sciencedirect or Springer Portals you will find multiple papers on the Optimization Technique and its application to water resource problems For example, the following are some of the c...