Hydrology Newsletter

PDF / Video / Slide In recent years the use of Multi-Criteria Decision Making(MCDM) Techniques has increased rapidly in every discipline to solve decision-making problems by an objective procedure. The MCDM techniques are rapidly used and modified for optimal problem solving and to reduce the convergence time. What is the MCDM concept? Many brief tutorials on the MCDM concept are available on the internet. You can visit my introduction to the MCDM video also for a short and simple explanation about the MCDMs and their need in today's research. However, this post is not about the concepts or basic working principles , or the strengths and weaknesses of the concept. This post is about the most recent MCDM techniques which are now widely used for solving decision support problems in nearly all disciplines. Generally, by MCDM, we understand the techniques invented by Saaty and known as Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP). This compensatory method of MCDM is popularly utilized for app...

View as PowerPoint Slide / Video Due to various atrocities with the natural resources of the World, the global equilibrium has been compromised. To resist and revert to our sustainable future, our topic of research must move towards projects with sustainable innovation. To create the "World with Sustainable Future", the entry-level researchers must march towards sustainability not only to accomplish their career goals but to develop projects that can ensure our future generation about their comfortable co-existence. The seven most promising trend that is depicted below indicates where we must encourage our innovators to innovate, such that the World become sustainable for its future. 1)Climate positivity How to become climate positive? Climate Positive means to become Carbon Neutral, by controlling greenhouse gas emissions that one is generating. According to Go Climate Positive, there are 2 ways you can do this: 1) By offsetting your carbon footprint and 2)by preventing oth...

Typhoon Tip, Philipines(Collected from : CSMonitor ) Devastating storms, severe flood, acute famine conditions, etc. hydrological events of extreme nature has changed human history. Any event which is not normal is known as an abnormal event. In the case of hydrology, an event that has a return period of more than 100 years is considered Extreme. According to Herring(2020) of Climate.gov, "An extreme event is a time and place in which weather, climate, or environmental conditions—such as temperature, precipitation, drought, or flooding—rank above a threshold value near the upper or lower ends of the range of historical measurements." Though the threshold is not objective, few researchers have defined "extreme events as those that occur in the highest or lowest 5% or 10% of historical measurements". Some have described events by their deviation from the mean, or by their occurrence interval.   Here the most severe five extreme hydrologic events were discussed which ...

Drought can not be defined as Flood. No single definition is available for drought. The beginning and end of drought are difficult to identify.  Drought can be, however, identified through various indicators such as rainfall, snowpack, streamflow, and more, and these indicators can be used to monitor drought. Different scientists and researchers have developed various indices to help determine the onset, severity, and end of droughts. Drought indices are multiparameter and based on long or short duration observation of data for such parameters which help them create a comprehensible big picture. A drought index value is typically a single number that is calculated based on the data of input parameters generally rainfall, snowpack, evapotranspiration, etc., and is interpreted on a scale of abnormally wet, average, and abnormally dry.( Reference ) The video below elaborates the concept : Although drought is very difficult to determine the significance of drought in agriculture, water...

View the presentation or video . Uncontrolled extraction of natural resources and ever-growing population has caused the climate to warm which has resulted in global warming. Due to global warming, there is a change observed in climatic patterns in different parts of the World. As a result :  " Today's kids will experience 3 times as many climate disasters as their grandparents ",  Lake Powell and different similar pondage hydropower plants can lose the "Ability to Generate Hydropower"  within few years,  Foods like bananas, Avocados, Coffee, Chocolate, Wine will extinct in the near future , the frequency of extreme events has increased in the last decades and the trend will intensify in the near future, the occurrence of viral diseases is predicted to create endemic like conditions, and many other abnormal events will soon become normal as per numerous reports being published by different national and international organizations related to climate change. Keep...

UAV used in Weather Monitoring The UAV applications in weather monitoring are increasing and in the future, many places on the Earth is slowly becoming inaccessible to human being due to climate change and its impacts like wildfire, flood, etc. This video shows the three most used UAVs in weather monitoring and forecasting. Airmar’s 150WX WeatherStation  UK’s National Oceanography Centre (NOC) has selected this UAV for monitoring and gathering weather information with the help of its 150WX WeatherStation Instrument. This instrument can measure wind speed, air temperature, barometric pressure, and relative humidity data for a long duration. More Info . Hobby king Bixler 2.0 + Weather Monitoring Sensors A Hobbyking Bixler 2.0 plane fitted with multiple sensors which can measure humidity, temperature, and CO levels. A wireless camera is mounted in the aircraft for providing visual inputs to the user. Various pollutants can also be recognized and identified. This new project had modif...

Do you Know? Waterpower was first utilized in China during the Han Dynasty between 202 BC and 9 AD for grinding grain, break ore, and in early papermaking. More Info Subscribe to this blog through Substack https://hydrogeek.substack.com/  Subscribe to our product feed : https://gumroad.com/innovated

DOWNLOAD THE CLICKABLE DOCUMENT We are all searching for a contemporary but on-demand topic of research, such that based on that topic, we can prepare papers that journals can accept, or Ph.D. and Postgraduates can be obtained. Normally, we search the existing journals, books, conferences, etc. depositories to find a gap in the research but this subjective search yields the better within the literature we had searched, but, when some more manuscripts are included, the gaps may change. If you have the same experience, then you are in the correct place.  Here we propose not any topic but five most sought-after questions, whose answers are supposed to change the pace of “Sustainability Research”, and you can easily get your suitable topic of research from these answers.  Subscribe to this blog through Substack https://hydrogeek.substack.com / Subscribe to our product feed : https://gumroad.com/innovated

Download the Tutorial for the Clickable Version Hydrology is a very old subject still; a lot of scopes are left in this subject which is hitherto unearthed. Below is the list of the five most promising topics of research that have steadily gained their presence in hydrology-related publications, in the last five years. List of Most Promising Topics ◼ Building-induced rainfall redistribution(BIRR)  ◼ Rainfall nowcasting  ◼ Applications of Unmanned Aerial Systems (UASs) in Hydrology  ◼ Post-fire hydrology in forest  ◼ Baseflow Signature Predictions   Building-induced rainfall redistribution(BIRR)  Microtopography due to the building roofs and rainfall redistribution due to the same has significant effect on urban hydrology and as a result, it also influences the accuracy of flood forecasting models. Rainfall nowcast  Very Short Term ( 2 or less than 2-hour lead time) Rainfall forecasts (nowcasts) are useful in operational flood forecasting and the model ...

Classical Optimization Algorithms can be defined as "COA is defined as that algorithm which can be used to identify the best solution from a set of available solutions which is continuous and differentiable. " Although due to the limitations like the requirement of continuous and differentiable functions such algorithm can not be applied for various objectives however due to the iteration time and optimization efficiency the following five COA is used widely including practical and real-life problems : Linear programming : Both Objective and Constraint function is represented by a linear function. View the complete tutorial on Linear Programming Integer programming: Uses linear programs in which at least one variable uses only integer values. View the complete tutorial on Integer  Programming Dynamic programming : here both or anyone's objective or constraint function depends on dynamic functions. View the complete tutorial on Dynamic Programming Stochastic programming :...

This presentation depicts five examples of circular economy used in water resource management.  Circular Economy aims at reducing waste by introducing the concept of reuse/recycle/refurbish of products thereby reducing pollution and energy use which in turn makes a project sustainable as well as cost-effective. Click the following links to watch the presentation : Slideshare / Youtube Subscribe to this blog through Substack https://hydrogeek.substack.com / Subscribe to our product feed : https://gumroad.com/innovated

This video depicts the application of MCDM and Optimization Techniques in Water Resource Management Problems. A total of five studies were discussed which have the maximum citation among the papers published under the topic of Water Resource Management.  The video also provides the links to the tutorials of five Multi-Attribute Decision-Making techniques and five Multi-Objective Decision-Making methods which are mostly used in solving decision-making problems in sustainable water management objectives. Thanking you, Dr.Mrinmoy Majumder Subscribe to Hydrogeek Enroll in the MCDM course

   Ten most popular software for prediction of cyclonic storms from Mrinmoy Majumder Why Computer Models for Cyclonic Storms? According to the average of all forecasts, 17 tropical storms will form in 2021, eight of which will intensify into hurricanes. The average number of storms per year is 14, of which seven develop into hurricanes "... More information is available at NBC,2021. How did they forecast? Using various computer models that are known to be efficient and reliable in approximating the track, intensity, and timing of cyclonic storms. The accuracy of these models contributes to the prevention of fatalities and the severity of property damage. In this presentation, I tried to draw attention to the ten most popular models in this field, which were instrumental in saving millions of lives and preserving their way of life.  Climate Prediction Model It should be noted that no single model is capable of predicting such stochastic phenomena. As a result, multi...

We all know that most of the hydrological variables are time-dependent. It changes with time. Artificial Neural Network on the other hand has been found to perform best for time-dependent problems. Whether there is any relationship between time-dependent variables and neural network is unknown but it can be assured that neural networks can be used to develop models for the prediction of hydrological variables with better accuracy compared to other hydrological models. The post below depicts the methodology for the application of neural networks in the development of hydrological models. This is reposted from my Water and Energy Nexus Blog : https://waterandenergynexus.blogspot.com/2013/04/how-to-predict-time-dependent-variables.html Thanking you, Mrinmoy  My ResearchGate Id : Mrinmoy_Majumder Home Page:  http://www.mrinmoymajumder.com   Author of: Lecture Notes on MCDM Indian Link  ;  Global Link :

AI or Artificial Intelligence is a pioneering technique that has enabled the creation of intelligent machines. or smart machines which have the power to self adapt based on the situation presented to them. It requires situations whose response is known and based on this training data set it learns the problems which it has to solve when it is ready. Due to the alarming success with AI in robotics, electronics, etc fields the same technique is now used to solve the problems of water resource management. This ppt shows the seven most notable use of AI in water resources-based problems where satisfactory improvement has encouraged the further application of the technique. View the Presentation Dr.Mrinmoy Majumder, My ResearchGate Id : Mrinmoy_Majumder Home Page: http://www.mrinmoymajumder.com   Author of: Lecture Notes on MCDM Indian Link  ; Global Link :

The water supplied to domestic households has many types of contaminants which have the potential to create health irregularities in the consumer family. Among these contaminants, eight most common impurities were identified, and the type of filter which can remove or reduce them was delineated in the figure. Before procuring a water filter remember to see this chart. It will help to understand the impurities that the selected water filter can remove. Any water filters available in the market are generally made of one or more of these filters. To decide wisely use the concepts of MCDM to select your filters. Compare the filters available in the market with respect to Cost, Contaminant Removal Efficiency, Maintenance requirement, and type of filters used and rate each filter based on these factors with the help of AHP or ANP techniques. The result will be the filter that will be most efficient for your use. You can also use the ODM tool to come to a decision regarding the procurement o...

HydroGeek Vol 1 Issue 1 Filters are used to purify or convert raw untreated water into drinkable or pure water which can be safely consumed by a human being. After purification, this water has to adhere to the standards proposed by a regulating authority responsible for the said purpose. Every country has its own standards. Generally, different types of filters are used to remove or neutralize five major types of impurities observed in water:  Total and faecal coliform, Biological Oxygen Demand, Hardness, Heavy Metals and Turbidity to achieve those standards. In addition to this, there are other impurities also but if a filter can reduce or neutralize the above five impurities then the filter is allowed to be used as a self-sustainable unit for producing drinking water. The first edition of HydroGeek tries to highlight the role of water filters in creating "sustainable and healthy human life", with the following content : Content 1) Six types of filters mostly  used in pu...